What happens during Exercise
During physical activity, the body’s energy demands can exceed what is produced
through aerobic respiration, which relies on oxygen intake. To meet the need for energy during intense movement, the body switches to anaerobic respiration — a process that breaks down sugars without using oxygen. This results in the formation of lactic acid within heavily used muscles. The combination of muscle overexertion and lactic acid buildup leads to the discomfort often felt after exercise.
How to relieve pain associated with exercise
Applying heat to sore muscles causes blood vessels to expand, improving circulation. This increased blood flow helps carry away excess lactic acid and other waste products from fatigued muscles. Heat also improves muscle flexibility and stimulates nerve endings, which can help block pain signals.
However, heat is not suitable for all types of muscle pain. If soreness is accompanied by inflammation, cold therapy is a better choice. Unlike heat, ice constricts blood vessels, which decreases blood flow to the affected area, reducing inflammation and numbing discomfort.